An adverbial clause is a dependent clause that functions as an adverb. In other words, it contains a subject (explicit or implied) and a predicate, and it modifies a verb.
- I saw Joe when I went to the store. (explicit subject I)
- He sat quietly in order to appear polite. (implied subject he)
According to Sidney Greenbaum and Randolph Quirk, adverbial clauses function mainly as adjuncts or disjuncts. In these functions they are like adverbial phrases, but due to their potentiality for greater explicitness, they are more often like prepositional phrases (Greenbaum and Quirk,1990):
- We left after the speeches ended. (adverbial clause)
- We left after the end of the speeches. (adverbial prepositional phrase)
Contrast adverbial clauses with adverbial phrases, which do not contain a clause.
- I like to fly kites for fun.
Adverbial clauses modify verbs, adjectives or other adverbs. For example:
- Hardly had I reached the station when the train started to leave the platform.
The adverbial clause in this sentence is "when the train started to leave the platform" because it is a subordinate clause and because it has the trigger word (subordinate conjunction) "when".
| kind of clause | common conjunctions | function | example |
| time clauses | when, before, after, since, while, as, as long as, until,till, etc. (conjunctions that answer the question "when?"); hardly, scarcely, no sooner, etc. | These clauses are used to say when something happens by referring to a period of time or to another event. | Her goldfish died when she was young. |
| conditional clauses | if, unless, lest | These clauses are used to talk about a possible or counterfactual situation and its consequences. | If they lose weight during an illness, they soon regain it afterwards. |
| purpose clauses | in order to, so that, in order that | These clauses are used to indicate the purpose of an action. | They had to take some of his land so that they could extend the churchyard. |
| reason clauses | because, since, as, given | These clauses are used to indicate the reason for something. | I couldn't feel anger against him because I liked him too much. |
| result clauses | so...that | These clauses are used to indicate the result of something. | My suitcase had become so damaged on the journey home that the lid would not stay closed. |
| concessive clauses | although, though, while | These clauses are used to make two statements, one of which contrasts with the other or makes it seem surprising. | I used to read a lot although I don't get much time for books now. |
| place clauses | where, wherever, anywhere, everywhere, etc. (conjunctions that answer the question "where?") | These clauses are used to talk about the location or position of something. | He said he was happy where he was. |
| clauses of manner | as, like, the way | These clauses are used to talk about someone's behaviour or the way something is done. | I was never allowed to do things as I wanted to do them. |
Pengertian, Jenis dan Contoh Adverbial Clause
A. Pengertian Adverb Clause
Adverb Clause terdiri dari dua kata yaitu “Adverb” and “Clause”
adverb adalah : kata keterangan yang menerangkan verb (kata kerja) dan adjective (kata sifat),
clause adalah : anak kalimat.
Jadi adverb clause adalah anak kalimat yang menerangkan kata sifat dan kata kerja dan berfungsi sebagai adverb.
Adverb clause adalah terdiri dari delapan macam: seperti: Adverb clause of time, Adverb clause of place, Adverb clause of number, Adverb clause of menner, adverb clause of reanson, adverb clause of result, adverb clause of condition, dan adverb clause of contrast.
B. Rumus umum dan contoh adverb clause.
Subject + predicet + conj + subject + predicet.
Tapi bisa saja conjuntion di awal sesuai dengan kalimatnya.
Contoh:
- I met her when + was walking to school.
- As he was sick, he went to she doctor.
- I can’t go out because my mother is sick.
C. Jenis-Jenis Adverb Clause
1. Adverb Clause of Reanson
Adalah : sebuah anak kalimat yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan sebab atau alasan. Adverb clause of reason di awali dengan konjungsi (penghubungnya) adalah : as/ since/ because/ whereas/ on the ground that.
Example:
- Is I love you, I can do anything for you.
- Since she has a desire to marry, she discontinued her studing.
- I stopped the work because I was tired.
- Whereas I came late, My father punishet me.
- His teacher punishet him on the grand that, he came late.
2. Adverb Clause of Result
Adalah : sebuah anak kalimat yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan hasil perbuatan atau akibat. Adverb clause of result di awali dengan konjungsi so that, so + adjective + that, so + adverb + that, so.
Example:
- Nadhavi was so beautiful that I loved her at first sight.
- He studies so hard that many studienst like him.
3. Adverb Clause of Condition
Adalah : sebuah anak kalimat yang digunakan untuk menunjukkan kondisi. Adverb clause of condition di awali dengan konjungsi if/ unless/ whether/ provided that and so long as.
Example:
- If you help me, I shall be happy.
- Unless you tell her about your love, she won’t know it
- You must do this wheter, you like it or not
- I ean help you provide that you must follow my advice
- So long as you work hard, you have no problem with me
4. Adverb Clause of Contrast
Adverb Clause of Contrast adalah sebuah anak kalimat yang menerangkan bertentangan. Adverb Clause of Contrast diawali dengan konjungsi: although, eventh ough, though, whet eyer, no matter, however much, not with standing that.
Example:
a. I still no money although I worked hard
b. Eventhough hehates me, he lend me the bock
c. Though he is rice, he never give me the money
d. Whatever he has done, he is your father
e. No mather what she sald, I still love her
f. She will never succed however much he may try
g. He was not refreshed not with standing that he had spent 2 weeks leave
Sumber – sumber :
1. http://kaulankarima.blogspot.com/2012/03/softskill-adverbial-clause.html
